Amateka ya Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda

 

Seminari Nkuru yitiriwe Mutagatifu Karoli Boromewo Nyakibanda. Ni ishuli rikuru rya Tewolojiya (Théologie) aho abigira ubupadiri barangiriza amasomo bagahabwa ubusaserdoti. Ni ishuli za diyosezi zose mu Rwanda hamwe n’imiryango imwe n’imwe ikorerera muri aka karere k’ibihugu duturanye batorezamo abashaka kuba abasaserdoti. Ni ishuli rigengwa n’Inama nkuru y’Abepiskopi Gatolika b’u Rwanda, ariko rikagenzurwa n’ishami rya Kiliziya Gatolika rishinzwe iyogezabutumwa mu bihugu riri i Vatikani ryitwa Propaganda Fide.

Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda iherereye mu Rwanda mu ntara y’amajyepfo, akarere ka Huye, mu birometero 12 uvuye ku biro by’akarere ka Huye no mu birometero 20 kuva ku Kanyaru ku mupaka n’igihugu cy’ u Burundi. Iherereye munsi y’imisozi yitwa ibisi bya Nyakibanda.

 
Amateka ya Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda atangirana n’iyogezabutumwa mu Rwanda no muri aka karere k’ibihugu duturanye. Mu 1894 Kiliziya yashyizeho Vicariati ya Nyanza Meridionale (Nyanza y’amajyepfo) bayishinga Musenyeri Yohani Yozefu Hirth. Mgr Hirth mu gutangira ubutumwa bwe yumvaga ko Kiliziya idashobora gushinga imizi muri aka karere idafite abapadiri kavukire. Ikintu cya mbere yakoze rero n’ugushinga amaseminari. I Bugande yashinze seminari ya mbere ya Bukalasa, Tanzaniya ashinga Seminari i Hangiro. Abapadiri Bera bageze mu Rwanda kogeza bazanye Ivanjili ya Yezu Kristu kw’itariki ya 2 Gashyantare 1900 i Save, batangira kwigisha abanyarwanda Ivanjili. Abanyarwanda bambere bakiriye Ivanjili bahawe batisimu muw’1903 i Save bari 26. Muri aba bakristu bambere b’Abanyarwanda hamwe n’ab’i Zaza, Musenyeri Hirth yafashemo abasore 15 maze muw’1904 abohereza i Hangiro muri Tanzania bajyanwa na Padiri Corneille Smoor mw’iseminari yaramaze gushinga kugira ngo bategurirwe kuzavamo abapadiri ba mbere b’Abanyarwanda.

 
Muw’1912, Kiliziya imaze kubona ko Vikariyati ya Nyanza y’Amajyepfo ari nini cyane, yayigabanyijemo, niko gushinga Vikariyati ya Kivu igizwe n’u Rwanda, u Burundi n’u Buha aba ariyo bashinga Mgr Hirth. Ibi byatumye Myr Hirth nanone agomba gushinga indi seminari muri Vikariyati ye. Nibwo rero mu 1913 yatangije seminari y’i Kabgayi, ariko yabanje gucumbika muri misiyoni ya Kansi amezi make.

Amaze gushinga seminari ye mu Rwanda, Myr Hirth yatumyeho abaseminari b’Abanyarwanda bigaga mu seminari i Hangiro kugira ngo bakomereze amasomo i Kabgayi. Bose hamwe bageraga kuri 25 harimo 21 bigaga mw’iseminari nto, na 4 bigaga mu nkuru bayobowe na Padiri Nicolas Cunrath ari nawe waje gushingwa seminari ya Kabgayi itangira. Ubwo byabaye ngombwa ko ashinga na seminari nkuru aho i Kabgayi nyine ayitiririra Mutagatifu Karoli Borromeo. Imbuto z’icyo gikorwa ntizatinze kwigaragaza, kuko mu 1917, abaseminari babiri ba mbere b’Abanyarwanda, Balitazari Gafuku na Donati Reberaho bahawe ubupadiri.

 
Mu 1931, iyi seminari nkuru ya Mt Karoli Borromeo yashyizwe mu rwego rw’akarere (séminaire régional) ka Vikariyati yari igizwe n’u Rwanda, u Burundi, Kivu, ikiyaga Albert na Beni muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokrasi ya Kongo. Seminari imaze kugirwa iy’akarere k’ibihugu duturanye yarikeneye ahantu hagutse kandi habereye irerero, nuko batangira kurambagiza ahantu hanyuranye, i Nyamasheke, i Mpungwe hafi yumusozi wa Huye, i Kibirizi hafi ya Kansi, n’i Rubona ubu hari ISAR. Nyuma baje guhitamo mu Nyakibanda ahitwaga mu Kibaya. Ku itariki ya 22 Ukwakira 1936 nibwo Seminari yimuriwe i Nyakibanda aho bari bamaze kubona ubutaka bugari bari baguze n’abaturage hanyuma n’uwari umutware wa Nyaruguru Kayihura Michel nawe aha seminari igikingi cye cyo mu Nyakibanda.

Padiri Deprimoz niwe wayitangije seminari nkuru mu Nyakibanda akomeza kuyibera umuyobozi kugeza igihe abereye Umwepiskopi wungirije wa Diyosezi ya Kabgayi muw’1943, hanyuma Myr Classe amaze gupfa muw’1945 aramusimbura.

 
Mu Nyakibanda Myr Deprimoz yasimbuwe na Padiri Richard Cleire wari usanzwe ahigisha. Recteur Richard niwe watangije urugo rw’Abenebikira mu Nyakibanda muw’1944 atunganye na pariki ya Nyakibanda. Umwaka ukurikiraho nawe yaje kugirwa umwepisikopi wa Vikariyati ya Kivu ifite ikicaro i Bukavu. Yasimbuwe na Padiri Maurice Emile Fellay ari nawe watangije urwuri rwa Nyakibanda rwo korora inka za kijyambere.

 
Muw’1950, nibwo Cercle St Paul ikubiyemo amatsinda menshi y’abahanzi, abanditsi, abashakashatsi nibwo yatangiye ari uburyo bwo kwigisha Ivanjili no kuyihuza n’umuco w’Abanyarwanda. Ni nayo yabyaye abanyamuziki bambere b’Abanyarwanda.

Muw’1950, abaseminari bamaze kuba benshi cyane baje kwimurira icyiciro cya Filozofiya i Burasira mu Burundi, mu Nyakibanda hasigara Tewolojiya gusa. Muri 1953, buri gihugu cyatangiye seminari yacyo, muri Kongo batangiza seminari nkuru i Baudoinville bahajyana abaseminari babo bose, n’i Burundi nabo batangiza Tewolojiya, bajyana abaseminari b’Abarundi bari mu Nyakibanda. Icyo gihe seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda yongeye kugira ibyiciro byombi icya Filozofiya n’icya Tewolojiya, kandi isigara ari iy’u Rwanda gusa.

Mu 1952- 1955, Collège St Esprit yacumbitse mu Nyakibanda mbere y’uko yimurirwa i Bujumbura. Mu 1956-1957 Collège Christ-Roi nayo yacumbitse mu Nyakibanda mbere y’uko yimurirwa i Nyanza.

 
Kuva mu ntangiriro, seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda yayoborwaga n’Abapadiri bera. Kuva tariki 10 Ukuboza 1959, igihe ubuyobozi bwa Kiliziya y’u Rwanda bweguriwe abapadiri kavukire, seminari nayo yashyizwe mu maboko y’abapadiri kavukire. Musenyeri Matayo Ntahoruburiye niwe Munyarwanda wa mbere wabaye umuyobozi wa seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda.

 
Muri iyi myaka, kuva mu mpera za 1959 – 1963 yanyuze mu bihe bikomeye cyane by’amateka y’u Rwanda. N’igihe cy’amashyaka, imvururu, irondakoko, ubwicanyi n’ubuhunzi. Ibi byose no mu Nyakibanda byarahageze, abanyapolitike babaga bashaka amaboko mu njijuke zo mw’iseminari, kuko ariryo shuli rikuru ryonyine ryari mu gihugu. Abaseminari benshi bavuyemo bamwe baba abanyapolitiki, abandi barahunga, ku buryo umwaka 1962-63 warangiye abaseminari bose babakura mu Nyakibanda babashyira mu yandi maseminari i Burayi na Diyosezi ya Nyundo itangira seminari yayo yitiiriwe Mt. Joseph kugeza mu 1973-1974. Iyi nkubiri y’amateka y’u Rwanda yarigiye guhitana seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda Imana ikinga ukuboko. Nyakibanda isa nifunze. Umwaka 1963-64, Nyakibanda yabaye nk’itangira bundi bushya, bafata abanyeshuli bashya batangira mu wa mbere.

 
Kuva yashingwa kugeza ubu rero, seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda imaze kwakira abaseminari 2378: muri bo hari 258 bakigamo, 1054 babaye abasaserdoti, tutabariyemo abihayimana n’abapadiri bahize bo muri Kongo n’u Burundi tudafitiye neza imibare.

 
Kugera mu 1989, Seminari nkuru ya Nyakibanda yari ifite ibyiciro bibiri: icya Filozofiya n’icya Tewolojiya. Guhera uwo mwaka, icyiciro cya Filozofiya cyimuriwe i Kabgayi. Nyuma ya 1994, nabwo icyo cyiciro cyongeye kugaruka mu Nyakibanda gisubira i Kabgayi mu 1998-1999.

Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda niyo mfura mu mashuri makuru mu Rwanda, ikaba rero yaragize uruhare runini mw’iterambere ry’Abanyarwanda. 

Uburere n’ubumenyi itanga bwemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga rw’amashuli makuru ku buryo abaharangije bafite ubushobozi bwo kuba bashingwa imirimo ijyanye nibyo bize kw’isi hose. Mu burere butangwa harimo:

- Tewolojiya;
- Kogeza ivanjili abantu no kubaremamo umuryango w’abemera (Pastorale, Pastoral studies);
- Kwiga ku buryo bwa gihanga umuco n’indangagaciro by’Abanyarwanda kugira ngo Ivanjili ibone umusingi yubakiraho, Abanyarwanda bashobore kuba abakristu n’Abanyarwanda (Inculturation);
- Gufasha abantu kwiteza imbere (Social development);
- Guteza imbere ubuhanga n’umuco mu nzego zose zigize Abanyarwanda
- Nyakibanda yareze abahanga benshi b’ingeri zinyuranye, nka ba Myr Alegisi Kagame umuhanga muri Filozifiyaa, Vincent Mulago wo muri Kongo, abahanga bambere mu muziki bashyize umuziki nyarwanda mu manota, nka ba Alfred Sebakiga, ba Rugamba Cyprien, Eustache Byusa, Viateur Kabarira n’abandi.

Kuva mu 1979, seminari itanga impamyabushobozi za Kaminuza ya Urubaniyana (Urbanian Pontifical University) iri i Roma, zikaba zaremewe na Leta y’u Rwanda kuva muri 2010. Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda ni urugo rurererwamo abazaba abapadiri muri Kiliziya Gatolika kandi n’abahize batabaye abapadiri baba abakristu ntangarugero n’ingirakamaro mu kubaka igihugu.

 
Kugeza ubu, turashimira Imana kubera ukuntu Abamisiyonari bizeye Abanyarwanda ko bashobora kwiyegurira Imana, batangira kubibategurira Kiliziya igishingwa. Abanyarwanda nabo ntibatengushye uko kwizerwa. Hari benshi bakomeje kwitabira uwo muhamagaro wo kwiyegurira Imana batiganda. Turongera gushimira Imana ko muri iy’imyaka 75 Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda yanyuze mu bihe byinshi bikomeye ariko Imana ikinga ukuboko kugeza ubu ikaba igisohoza ubutumwa bwayo bwo kurerera Imana n’igihugu.

Ngiyo impamvu y’ibyishimo bya Jubile tubasaba ngo mwifatanye natwe na Kiliziya mu Rwanda, ibyo birori bikazaba ku wa gatandatu taliki 3 Ukuboza 2011

 
Padiri Antoni KAMBANDA
Umuyobozi wa Seminari Nkuru ya Nyakibanda